![]() Starting in April 1951 when the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) cannibalised WUDO, it was put under the command of Supreme Allied Commander Europe Dwight D. 1951–present: Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe/Allied Command Operations The 1948–1951 Western Union Defence Organization's (WUDO) command structure was largely patterned on SHAEF's structure. USFET was reorganized as EUCOM (European Command, not to be confused with the present-day United States European Command) on 15 March 1947. Missions SHAEF Missions NationĪfter the surrender of Germany, SHAEF was dissolved on 14 July 1945. Services of Supply/ Communications Zone: Lt-general John C.G-5: Major-general Sir Roger Lumley then Lt-general Arthur Edward Grasett.G-2 (Intelligence): John Whiteley, then Major-General Kenneth Strong.Secretary, General Staff: Colonel Ford Trimble.Allied strategic bomber forces in the UK also came under its command during Operation Neptune.ĭeputy Chief of Staff (Chief Administrative Officer)Īir Vice Marshal Roderick Carr (from June 1945) SHAEF also controlled substantial naval forces during Operation Neptune, the assault phase of Overlord, and two tactical air forces: the US Ninth Air Force and the RAF Second Tactical Air Force. all Allied airborne divisions, brigades and paratrooper transport wings.It commanded all Allied airborne forces as an airborne army, as well as three army groups that controlled a total of eight field armies SHAEF commanded the largest number of formations ever committed to one operation on the Western Front, with American, Free French, British and Canadian forces. In February 1945, it moved to Reims and on, to Frankfurt. By December 1944, SHAEF had established itself in the Trianon Palace Hotel in Versailles, France. By this time, the three Army Groups had taken up the positions on the Western Front in which they would remain until the end of the war-the British 21 AG to the North, the American 12 AG in the middle and the 6 AG to the South. During the invasion of southern France, the 6 AG was under the command of the Allied Forces Headquarters ( AFHQ) of the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations, but after one month command passed to SHAEF. As the breakout from Normandy took place, the Allies launched the invasion of southern France on 15 August 1944 with the US 6th Army Group (6 AG) under the command of Lieutenant General Jacob L. The US 12th Army Group (12 AG) commanded by Lieutenant General Omar Bradley was created as the western wing of the bridgehead. At that point, Montgomery ceased to command all land forces but continued as Commander in Chief of the British 21st Army Group (21 AG) on the eastern wing of the Normandy bridgehead. SHAEF remained in the United Kingdom until sufficient forces were ashore to justify its transfer to France. That process was shaped by Eisenhower and the land forces commander, General Sir Bernard Law Montgomery, for the initial part of the invasion. Morgan, who had been appointed chief of staff to the Supreme Allied Commander (designate) in mid-March 1943 began planning for the invasion of Europe before Eisenhower's appointment and moulded the plan into the final version, which was executed on 6 June 1944. Morgan, Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander (Designate) (COSSAC), and Major General Ray Barker. Its staff took the outline plan for Operation Overlord created by Lieutenant General Sir Frederick E. Southwick House was used as an alternative headquarters near Portsmouth. The position itself shares a common lineage with Supreme Allied Commander Europe and Atlantic, but they are different titles.Įisenhower transferred from command of the Mediterranean Theater of Operations to command SHAEF, which was formed in Camp Griffiss, Bushy Park, Teddington, London, from December 1943 an adjacent street named Shaef Way, and a gate into the park called Shaef Gate, remain to this day. Eisenhower was the commander in SHAEF throughout its existence. Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force ( SHAEF / ˈ ʃ eɪ f/ SHAYF) was the headquarters of the Commander of Allied forces in northwest Europe, from late 1943 until the end of World War II. ![]() Eisenhower, General Sir Bernard Montgomery, Air Chief Marshal Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory, and Lieutenant General Walter Bedell Smith Bradley, Admiral Sir Bertram Ramsay, Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder, General Dwight D. SHAEF commanders at a conference in London Left to right: Lieutenant General Omar N.
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